Decomposition of energy-related co2 emission over 1998 2017 in turkey

Abstract

In recent decades, energy-related CO2 emissions have been a critical priority of global environmental policy. It is a leading cause of the increase in greenhouse gas triggering global warming in the atmosphere. This study is aimed to identify the factors that contribute to changes in CO2 emissions in Turkey from 1998-2017. Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) method has been used to decompose changes in CO2 emissions for four industries (manufacturing industries, transportation, commercial & institutional, and agriculture & forestry). It is used to decompose CO2 equivalent emissions changes in these sectors into five driving forces: economic activity, activity mix, energy intensity, energy mix, and emission factors. Analyses are conducted for four fuel types; liquid, solid, gaseous, and other fossil fuels. Analytical results indicate that economic activity and sectoral energy intensity are vital decisive factors in determining the change in CO2 emissions. The activity effect has raised CO2 emissions, while energy intensity has decreased. This method indicates that the impact of the energy intensity, which is a symbol of improvements in energy efficiency, could be the first key determinant for lowering GHG emissions from all sectors. Additionally, the energy mix and energy structure effect perform the second and third driving factors to reduce CO2 emissions.